The Economist has a new story today called China’s Achilles Heel, focusing on their declining birth rate and rapidly aging population. If current rates hold, then by 2050 China is expected to have over 350 million citizens over the age of 65 – about 1/4 of their projected population – and at least 30% of that number is expected to be 80 or over. This will put an increasing burden on Chinese social services and health care systems. This is part of what I have taken to calling “Peak China.” China is probably at or near the peak of its economic power right now, and its wave will crest before it passes the United States.
It is the other rising Asian giant that is destined to surpass the United States and become the next leading world power. India has nearly as large a population as does China, and its fertility rate is much higher. This means that, not only will it continue to grow, it will not age as rapidly and the economy will have sufficient numbers of young, productive workers to support a modern state. Additionally, India currently has an adult literacy rate of only 63%, vs. China’s 94%. This means that India has much more intellectual capacity to mine and develop for the knowledge economies of the 21st century, while China has nearly maximized its own potential.
